May I outline just one plan of attack which I would consider if I were that young rose breeder? I would consider starting with a nucleus of three tetraploids: Commander Gillete and the two amphidiploids, 67-305 and R. kordesii. These three stud roses carry genes of the four species, carolina, rugosa, abyssinica and wichuraiana, all of which are highly resistant to blackspot. And Commander Gillette has the potential of removing the thorns. I use the phrase