This is a really difficult question for me because so few roses in my garden are truly healthy (i.e. essentially free of significant disease), other than some species and a very short list of hybrids. Between that and the fact that most of the healthiest types donât pass down especially durable (horizontal) disease resistance to our primary scourge, blackspot, the list below does not actually contain many roses that have factored heavily into my breeding activities. These healthiest roses also tend to be among the most highly vigorous, large-growing plantsâand high vigor is one of the ways by which otherwise disease-prone roses can maintain the appearance of overall health here, by essentially outgrowing the disease.
I live in USDA hardiness zone 7/8, Mid-Atlantic U.S., which experiences fairly long, hot, humid summers that are optimal for blackspot development. Additional major challenges here include poor, acidic soil, cane girdlers, rose midge, and Rose Rosette Disease (not to mention deer, which are more frequent visitors than I would like even in my nearly urban garden). After these, a list of next-most-noteworthy roses in terms of survival and breeding utility would likely consist of those varieties that are tough enough to survive despite mostly defoliating after the first flush but never really looking particularly healthy for the rest of the growing season, yet somehow managing to photosynthesize with green stems and a sparse cover of raggedy leaves, at least well enough to carry on the display year after year. In my experience, those somewhat sorry-looking varieties can still be productive in a breeding program with the right pairing. Roses with serious cane health issues are far more likely to be ephemeral here, while those with very good canes can succeed even if their leaves come and go.
Rosa adenochaeta
Rosa banksiae
Rosa bracteata
Rosa brunonii âLa Mortolaâ (hit hard by cane borers here)
Rosa lucieae (better known to many by one of its synonyms, Rosa wichurana)
Rosa multiflora
Rosa roxburghii (minor mildew can occur at times)
Rosa rugosa (it has some other issues here, though)
Rosa virginiana [not currently in my garden]
âFortuneâs Five-coloredâ/âSmithâs Parishâ
âLe Vesuveâ
âMermaidâ
âMaria Leonidaâ
âSanderâs Whiteâ
âGlenn Daleâ [not currently in my garden]
âAmerican Pillarâ
âHumeâs Blush Tea-scented Chinaâ
âGeneral Gallieniâ [not currently in my garden]
âSafranoâ
âMarechal Nielâ [not currently in my garden]
âMme E. Souffrainâ [contracts blackspot for a little bit, then is mostly healthy for remainder of season; I have very mixed feelings about its flowers]
âMoser House Shed Roseâ
âHenri Martinâ
âRussellianaâ
âBansheeâ
âWhite Capâ
Yellow Submarine
âClimbing Mrs Herbert Stevensâ
âSenegalâ [surprisingly healthy after spring, but has been very, very reluctant to bloom at all]
âPerle dâOrâ
âRitausmaâ
âHenry Hudsonâ
The Generous Gardener [healthier than most other David Austin roses for me]
Ramblinâ Red
Barock [midsummer defoliation, then healthy again]
Quadra [seemed bulletproof, but I didnât have it for very longâit made a large shrub quickly and was glorious, then died suddenly, possibly due to voles.]
Of course, roses like Knockout and Home Run seem healthy in other gardens (aside from Rose Rosette Disease), but I donât have any in my garden. There are various others that are too new to my garden to be sure about, but seem promising so far.
Stefan